antik.it/Antique-globes-world-maps/8625-Terrestrial-Globe/
Code 8625
EUR 1200.00
In stock
1791629438Code 8625 Terrestrial Globeerrestrial globe published in the 1920s by the French geographer J. Forest; in addition to the geographical map, it depicts ocean currents and the major trade routes of the era. Papier-mâché and plaster sphere covered with lithographed paper gores; turned, ebonized wood base. Good condition with some signs of use; legibility is very good. Dimensions: 15 x 33 cm (5.9 x 13 in).
J. Forest produced a wide variety of globes in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, primarily for educational purposes. His diverse output included table globes—some featuring turned, ebonized wooden bases—floor-standing globes, and innovative models, such as those with mechanized rotating bases or globes incorporating lighters. The Paris Meridian was defined on June 21, 1667, by mathematicians from the *Académie*, though the measurement of the meridian was not completed until 1718 by Giovanni Domenico Cassini and his son, Jacques Cassini. In 1740, César-François Cassini corrected the alignment; the meridian was subsequently re-measured between 1792 and 1798 by Jean-Baptiste Joseph Delambre and Pierre Méchain, serving as the basis for establishing the exact length of the meter in 1799. The Paris Meridian was abandoned in favor of the Greenwich Meridian during the 1884 International Meridian Conference in Washington. Reasons for this decision included the fact that there was virtually no inhabited land at the antipodes of Greenwich; a British pledge to adopt the metric system in exchange for France relinquishing the Paris Meridian; and the prevalence of English-origin nautical charts at the time, meaning that adopting a meridian other than Greenwich would have necessitated the replacement of a far greater number of charts. France did not officially adopt the Greenwich Meridian until 1911.
The earliest known terrestrial globe is the one attributed by the historian and geographer Strabo to the Greek scholar Crates of Mallus (c. 150 BC). The first globes of the early 16th century were created in the wake of the great geographical explorations; they were immediately put to educational use in princely courts, monasteries, and colleges, eventually finding their way into universities and schools at all levels. In the 18th century, Didier Robert de Vaugondy—official geographer to King Louis XV of France—drew upon his globe-making expertise to expand the *Encyclopédie* entry on "Globe." He provided a detailed explanation of the distinction between a celestial globe (representing the concave surface of the sky and its constellations) and a terrestrial globe (depicting the Earth's surface, including seas, islands, rivers, cities, etc.), as well as the techniques used to construct them: two papier-mâché hemispheres were pressed and molded over or inside a hemispherical form, dried, and internally reinforced with a wooden axis; they were then glued together and coated with a thin layer of plaster. Onto this base, map segments—known as gores—were pasted; typically twelve in number, these printed paper strips (produced from copperplate engravings and hand-colored) each covered 30 degrees of longitude. It was the 19th century—an era defined by expanding trade, increased mobility, and the introduction of compulsory schooling—that fueled a growing desire to learn about distant lands, ultimately rendering the traditional globe-making method inadequate. Maps printed from engraved plates no longer suffice, and the only truly viable resource becomes lithography; this process allows for the printing and timely updating of maps that—as geographical discoveries are made across various countries—become obsolete ever more rapidly.
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Antique globes-world maps
Code 8625 Terrestrial Globe
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